Golgi Complex

Golgi Complex General description: The Golgi complex was first discovered in 1897 by Italian physician Camillo Golgi. The Golgi complex, also termed as Golgi body is a single membrane bound organelle and part of endomembrane system. Golgi complex characteristics: It consists of five to eight flattened membrane bound sacs called the cisternae. Each stack if cisternae us termed as Golgi stack. The cisternae in Golgi stack vary in number, shape and organization in different cell types. In unicellular flagellates, however, as many as 60 cisternae many combine to make up the Golgi stack. The number of Golgi complexes in a cell varies according to its function. A mammalian cell typically contains 40-100 stacks. In mammalian cells, multiple Golgi stacks are linked together at their edges. Golgi complex structure: Each Golgi stack has two distinct faces: a cis face (or the entry face) and a Trans face (or maturing face). Both cis and trans faces are closely associated with special compartments: the cis Golgi network (CGN) and the trans Golgi network (TGN), respectively. TGN was earlier known as GERL (Golgi apparatus- ER-Lysosome). Proteins and lipids enter the cis Golgi network in vesicular tubular clusters arriving from ER and exit from the trans Golgi network. Both networks are thought to be important for protein sorting. Similarly, proteins exiting from the TGN can either move onward and be sorted according to whether they are destined for lysosomes, secretory vesicles or the cell surface, or to be returned to an earlier compartment. The Golgi apparatus is especially prominent in cells that are specialized for secretion, such as the goblet cells of intestinal epithelium, which secrete large amounts of polysaccharide-rich mucus into the gut. In such cells, usually large secretory vesicles are found on the trans side of the Golgi apparatus. Secretory vesicles form from the TGN , and they release their contents to the cell exterior by exocytosis. The membrane proteins and the lipids in these vesicles provide new components for the cells plasma membrane, while soluble protein and other compounds inside the vesicles are secreted to the extracellular space. Functions of Golgi complex: The Golgi complex is often considered the distribution and shipping department for the cells chemical products. It modifies proteins and lipids that have been built in the ER and prepares them for export outside of the cell or for transport to other location in the cell. Proteins and lipids from the smooth and rough ER bud off in tiny bubble- like vesicles that move through the cytoplasm until reach the Golgi apparatus. The vesicles fuse with the Golgi membranes and release their internally stored molecules into the organelle. Glycosylation of proteins: N-linked oligosaccharide chains on proteins are altered as the proteins pass through the Golgi cisternae en route from the ER. Further modifications of N-linked oligosaccharide in the Golgi apparatus gives two broad classes of N-liked oligosaccharides, the complex oligosaccharides and the high mannose oligosaccharides. High mannose oligosaccharides have no new sugars added to them in the Golgi body. They contain just two N-acetylglucosamines and many mannose residues. Complex oligosaccharides, by contrast, can contain more than the orginal two N-acetylglucosamines as well as a variable number of galactose and sialic acid residues and, in some cases, fucose. Lipid metabolism: In addition to its activities in processing and sorting glycoproteins, the Golgi complex functions in lipid metabolism in particular, in the synthesis of glycoproteins and sphingomyelin. Ceramide, which is synthesized in the ER, is converted either to sphingomyelin or to glycolipid in the Golgi complex. The Golgi complex also acts as a major site of carbohydrate metabolism. In plant cells, it acts as the site where complex polysaccharides of the cell wall are synthesized. Complex cell wall polysaccharides such as hemicelluloses and pectins are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus and then transported in vesicles to the cell surface. In animals, most of glycoaminoglycans of the extracellular matrix are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus.

2 Questions Every Songwriter Should Be Able to Answer

2 Questions Every Songwriter Should Be Able to Answer Suzy S. Not sure where to start when it comes to writing songs? Check out these songwriting tips from Austin, TX teacher  Gfire M... I started writing songs fairly early on at age 11, but I never thought about songwriting technique until later, when I studied with teachers from Berklee College, and in Los Angeles and Nashville. I now have songs that have been played on more than 200 radio and television programs around the world, including UnderCurrents, a syndicated program that airs on more than 65 NPR radio stations in the United States. It was a natural progression to teach what I know about songwriting to my singing, piano, and guitar students who wanted to express themselves in an individual manner. Here are two questions to ask yourself before writing a song: 1. What is your song about? It is best if you can express the idea you want to convey in a single sentence. Songs are very short, averaging 3-5 minutes in length, so you really want to stay focused on one idea. Some examples are: “You and I will never, ever, ever, get back together,” “What doesnt kill you makes you stronger,” and “Your love lifts me higher and higher.” Write your sentence on the top of the page you are using to write your new song! 2. What song formula are you going to follow? If you study songs that you like, you will notice that there are formulas that a lot of songs follow. One common formula is verse, chorus, verse, chorus, bridge, chorus.   (Check out Kelly Clarkson’s “Stronger” for an example of this formula.) So if we call the verse “A,” the chorus “B,” and the bridge “C,” the formula would be called A, B, A, B, C, B. Start with this formula for your first song all you really have to write is two verses, a chorus, and a bridge. Other Songwriting Tips to Consider If your first song isnt as good as the ones you hear on the radio, dont worry   it’s your first song! If you write a new song every month this year, you’ll have 12 songs and you will get better and better at really expressing what you want to say and developing your songwriting voice. You should also study your favorite bands and songwriters analyze the structure of your favorite songs and then practice writing a song that follows that same structure. Again, the more you practice writing songs and I do recommend completing each song, whether you think it is any good or not the more youll refine your technique. Find a Songwriting Teacher A teacher can give you even more songwriting tips as you work on your songs. Just as you would take months or years of singing, guitar, or piano lessons, if you book lessons with a good songwriting teacher and invest a minimum of three months of lessons and practical work (i.e. write and finish one song per month), you will get better much faster than if you are on your own. You already are a unique person with plenty of stories and experiences to share. Now give yourself the chance to be the songwriter you always dreamed of being!! Gfire teaches music theory, opera voice, piano,  singing, and songwriting in Austin, TX. She earned her Bachelor of Arts in Music from  University of Maryland, as well as her  Master of the Science of Singing from  Ernest George White Society.  Learn more about Gfire here! Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher Photo  by  himpemelissa

How the Internet is Changing the Face of Personal Training

How the Internet is Changing the Face of Personal Training Personal Trainers: What the World Wide Web Can Do for You ChaptersWiden Knowledge of Sports ScienceProvide a Platform for Sporting CommunitiesHelping People Find Fitness Clubs in their AreaGetting the Best Deal on Personal TrainingBuying the Right GearEven just a few years ago, if you wanted to start a fitness program, you would have to visit your local gym, find out about training options through adverts and flyers being posted through your letterbox, or rely on word-of-mouth to find a gym to suit you.At this time, working out was something you went to the gym to do, as that was where you could get advice from an accredited fitness professional. Having a personal trainer who could visit your home was but a dream if you weren’t a celebrity.One on one personal training services, as well as health and fitness, more generally have changed significantly in the past decade or so â€" but what has been driving this change?In the digital age, the internet has played a major role in changing the way we live our lives.From adopting better lifestyle habits to sharing progress towards fitness goals on social media, having access to the internet has opened up the world of fitness to many people around the world.With the World Wide Web, connecting with those with similar outlooks and interests is easier than ever before.As groups of people with the same tastes come together, online communities around certain sports or hobbies are continuing to grow at an unprecedented rate.Belonging to a community is a big and rewarding motivator for many people who can find support when they need it most to take their training to the next level and discuss what they are passionnate about.Using the internet can also come in handy when it comes to finding and contacting a fitness specialist for personal training or looking for a specific kind of gym, for example.If the internet has changed one thing in the past few years, it’s accessibility to sport.At the touch of a button, budding athletes can access all sorts of information on the sport they would like to take up before they get started with the many blogs, articles and websites dedicated to fitness. CalumDrama School Entrance Teacher 5.00 (15) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ToriSpanish Teacher 5.00 (1) £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors OliviaSchool support Teacher 5.00 (2) £21/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarkESOL (English) Teacher 4.76 (17) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors YuweiChinese Teacher 4.33 (6) £19/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JenniferMusic reading Teacher 5.00 (1) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LouiseAutoCAD Teacher 5.00 (3) £60/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RickyPercussion Teacher 5.00 (7) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors NicolasGuitar Teacher 5.00 (2) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MyriamOrganic chemistry Teacher 5.00 (13) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JonathanEconomics Teacher 5.00 (9) £40/h1st lesson free!Dis cover all our tutors Oluwakemi imoleMaths Teacher 5.00 (1) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AlexPhysics Teacher 5.00 (1) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AdamSinging Teacher 5.00 (14) £48/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ValentiniMusic reading Teacher 5.00 (2) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MilenaMaths Teacher 5.00 (5) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RashmiEconomics Teacher 5.00 (1) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsWiden Knowledge of Sports ScienceWhether you’re doing some research on new workout equipment such as resistance training machines, looking for nearby group fitness classes, or trying to find a personal trainer who can help you lose weight and become healthier, the internet considerably increases the possibility of finding exactly what you’re looking for.If you’re curious about the science behind exercising and weight loss, the internet provides a platform for fitness experts to share t heir knowledge on exercise science.Get to grips with fuelling your workouts properly ¦ source: Pixabay - stevepbSo, if you want to find out more about which workouts are best for muscular strength training, Pilates, corrective exercise or which kind of cardio training is best for endurance, there are plenty of resources to help you.With one simple online search, you can acquire the knowledge you need without even leaving your house!In the days before the internet, if you wanted to explore the science behind exercise or fitness nutrition in greater detail, you would have had to head to the gym or a health club and consult a fitness expert, or even visit a library.Today, however, you can access information on any sport you can imagine whenever you like!Find out about how to optimise your workouts with better training techniques, read reviews on fitness trackers and find out about the best post-workout snacks for building muscle mass all from the comfort of your own home.Social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram provide a line of communication between the general public and fitness professionals.This means that you can discuss training programs, nutrition plans, flexibility and prices for sessions without the pressure of meeting in person, meaning that you can contact as many personal fitness trainers as you like!By visiting websites that specialise in exercise science, you can keep up to date with new developments in research in certain areas that interest you, and find out what the future holds for the world of exercise.Provide a Platform for Sporting CommunitiesIf you’re not someone who is already part of a large online community, or if you haven’t yet considered how social media could benefit the health and fitness aspect of your lifestyle, following a fitness program at the gym can get quite lonely.And if you prefer to train at home, this problem is even more pronounced.However, with the internet and its many online fitness communit ies, it is now easier than ever before to meet other who follow the same exercise program or play the same sport as you.This opens up many opportunities for people to discuss their training progress and how to overcome certain difficulties that come with fitness programs.The #ThisGirlCan movement is just one example of this, as it encourages conversation between women of all backgrounds aiming to succeed in their own fitness objectives.If you like the digital side of life, why not keep an online journal or blog to keep track of your progress?This is a great way to stay motivated and inspire others who may be aiming towards to the same goal, as well as reach out for advice when you need it. CalumDrama School Entrance Teacher 5.00 (15) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ToriSpanish Teacher 5.00 (1) £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors OliviaSchool support Teacher 5.00 (2) £21/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MarkESOL (English) Teacher 4.76 (17) £20/h1 st lesson free!Discover all our tutors YuweiChinese Teacher 4.33 (6) £19/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JenniferMusic reading Teacher 5.00 (1) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LouiseAutoCAD Teacher 5.00 (3) £60/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors RickyPercussion Teacher 5.00 (7) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors NicolasGuitar Teacher 5.00 (2) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MyriamOrganic chemistry Teacher 5.00 (13) £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JonathanEconomics Teacher 5.00 (9) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Oluwakemi imoleMaths Teacher 5.00 (1) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AlexPhysics Teacher 5.00 (1) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AdamSinging Teacher 5.00 (14) £48/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ValentiniMusic reading Teacher 5.00 (2) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors MilenaMaths Teacher 5.00 (5) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover al l our tutors RashmiEconomics Teacher 5.00 (1) £35/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsHelping People Find Fitness Clubs in their AreaUnless you’re a Euromillions jackpot winner, you probably don’t have the time to visit every gym in town before you settle on the one that best suits your needs.The internet completely changes this.On one hand, you can find and compare local fitness clubs and personal trainers. With online tools such a Google Maps, you can also work out how far you will need to travel to get to each gym and steer clear of anything which is too impractical.In the digital age, finding the most practical option is easier than ever ¦ source: Pixabay - FirmBeeOn the other hand, fitness companies are like any other business on the web, using their websites to showcase their facilities, opening hours and membership options, meaning that you'll be spoilt for choice!All you need to do is enter the service you are looking for (gym, personal training business, etc) in the search bar as well as where you live, and Google will do the rest for you.Getting the Best Deal on Personal TrainingNowadays, everyone is connected to each other thanks to the internet, and there are far more benefits to this than meets the eye.Now that it is easier than ever for personal trainers to get their name out there, competition is high â€" this is fantastic news if you’re on the lookout for your very own fitness instructor.Competition generally makes for lower prices across the board, and this is why personal training is no longer reserved for the rich and famous, as more people set lower rates when they become a personal trainer, as this is what attracts clients.So, when it comes to personal training, there really is something for everyone.Just a few years ago, getting a gym membership or hiring a personal fitness trainer to provide you with a tailored training program was regarded as a financial investment.These days, with increased accessibility to these services, this is no longer the case.Tariffs for personal fitness training used to be based on:The price of an annual or monthly gym membershipThe price of functional training sessionsA fitness assessment (before beginning a personal training program)Fitness evaluations and testsTailored coachingProvision of workout equipmentPossible contact outside of personal training sessionsThere are many formulae according to the type of coaching you’re after.If you’re looking for personal training as part of a group, this can be a good way to save your pennies.Group training with a few friends as well as a certified personal trainer means that you can have a shared experience and pay less per head for the training services.This means that even those on modest budgets can have access to high-quality training from a fitness expert.If you work for a large company, you may be able to arrange for your trainer to come to your workplace during your lunchtime or after work, saving you time.By looking for y our ideal personal trainer on social media or on a platform such as Superprof, you’ll have the opportunity to find affordable prices for quality service.Buying the Right GearThe internet can be a bit of an Aladdin’s cave if you’re new to the world of fitness.You need to know what you’re looking for and where to look for it.Wherever you are, keep your eyes out for the best deals online and in-store ¦ source: VisualhuntAfter a busy day at work and a fun-packed daily routine to stick to, it can be difficult to find the time to buy new workout equipment such as a static bike or treadmill when you're juggling your family life and your career.After all, these are big decisions and shouldn’t be made hastily.However, thanks to the internet, you can save time and energy (as well as money) when you shop, by looking for sales and comparing prices from different outlets.It’s a win-win situation for you as an athlete as well as the personal trainer, since investing in new workout eq uipment shows some level of commitment to your goals, and can motivate you to go further in your fitness career.The internet’s impact on making sport more visible and accessible is undeniable, so make sure that you take advantage of this!You can even find an online personal trainer who can coach you via webcam, or simply use a fitness app to get fit.The internet has revolutionised the way we live our lives, and its effect on the fitness industry will continue to have a profound impact.

How To Improve Your GRE Score

How To Improve Your GRE Score Update: Some of this article's advice is now outdated due to changes in the GRE. A more recent article on the exam can be found here.First things first: the GRE is for graduate schools, but not for MBA programs (that requires the GMAT); however, some business schools may accept it. Background: The GRE is a computer-based test that generates questions based on your previous answers. If you continue to correctly answer questions, they will get harder. The test has three sections: quantitative reasoning, verbal reasoning and analytical writing. The test was updated in August 2011 to more accurately reflect the current thinking skills needed in graduate schools. The quantitative reasoning/verbal reasoning sections are now scored on a 130-170 range with one point increments. The writing section is still scored 0-6 with half point increments. The test has six sections, the last being a research section, and the duration of the test is approximately 3 hours and 45 minutes. There is no new data on what test scores students will need to be accepted into certain schools because the scoring has changed so recently. Now, a scaled score of 150 (on each section) is considered to be an average score. See more score averages from the Educational Testing Services (the creator and administrator of the GRE) here. Understand test directions: On the GRE, time is precious, and you can save loads of it by learning the section directions before the test. Take practice tests: This is everyones first tip to performing better on any standardized test, mainly because it works. Taking practice tests can help your brain mold its thinking around the structure of the GRE and improve your speed. But, be careful about the test prep materials you use because most are outdated. See question types and further materials from the ERT here. Try to make your practice tests as similar to the real GRE as possible. Instead of practicing 30-minute sections at a time, try to practice the entire test in one sitting. Take your tests every Saturday morning around the same time you will take the GRE. Spreading out your studying can help your brain retain the information you learned while practicing, instead of just memorizing it. Its the same idea as studying in smaller increments for a test as opposed to pulling an all-nighter and cramming the day beforeand we all know which one is more beneficial. Try doing this for at least 12 weeks, and you will begin to see significant improvements. Use a GRE study book: They are very easy to find, although most can be expensive. The books will help you recognize patterns and common traps on the GRE. Find the most recent edition of the book to reflect the August 2011 changes. Work with a one-on-one GRE Tutor: Finding out where you struggle is the first (and easiest) step to improving your GRE score. Anyone can do that by taking a practice test. But, to significantly improve your score, you will need to improve in these areas. Thats the real challenge to raising your GRE score. A one-on-one tutor can give you the in-depth training and explanation you may need to improve in your problematic areas. Then, you can work to fine tune your skills in other sections. Taking a GRE prep class can help, but only a tutor can tailor each session to your specific needs. In New York City, GRE tutorsare our most requested tutors. First test in each section: Previously, the first 10 questions in every section were the most important because those would determine your scoring bracket. If you answered all 10 correctly, you would enter the highest possible scoring bracket, and from there, your score could only drop marginally. However, the new GRE is slightly different, although it still offers a tiered scoring system. There are multiple tests in the Verbal Reasoning and Quantitative Reasoning sections. The first test determines your scoring bracket, and the difficulty of the questions in the following tests are determined by your performance on the first test. The scoring brackets are not as significant as they previously were. But, entering a higher scoring bracket early can ultimately improve your score. Answer every question: There is no penalty for an incorrect answer on the new GRE. Review high school math: By the time youre 22, you may want to forget just about everything you did, wore and listened to in high school. But, for the GRE you at least need to remember your algebra and geometry. Taking practice tests/questions or reviewing basic algebra/geometry books could help you. See math an updated math review from the ETS here. Make dictionary.com your homepage: Because you are going to need to know the weirdest, strangest, most-obscure, never-will-be-used-in-context vocab words out there for the GRE verbal section. Read as much high-brow literature as possible, and constantly check dictionary.com for definitions of words youre unfamiliar with. Subscribe for dictionary.coms word of the day. And start doing this early because you cannot grow your vocabulary overnight. Know writing topics: The writing section measures your ability to form an argument for or against a topic. You will be scored on your use of examples, development and support, organization, language fluency and word choice. See possible topics from the ETS here. Also, you can write a practice essay and submit it for scoring here.

Making Your Quiet Voice Heard at Work - Introvert Whisperer

Introvert Whisperer / Making Your Quiet Voice Heard at Work - Introvert Whisperer Making Your Quiet Voice Heard at Work Photo by rawpixel / Unsplash Being an introvert in an extrovert-dominated workplace can be difficult. You might feel pressure to live up to everyone else’s level of social interaction. Perhaps the open floor plan in your office makes it difficult for you to be productive. Maybe working with your extroverted boss sometimes feels tedious and exhausting. There are many difficulties introverts potentially face at work. Luckily, there are a few tips and strategies you can employ to make sure that your managers and co-workers recognize the strengths of introverts rather than pushing for everyone to be extroverted. Let’s take a look at some advice for introverts in the workplace: Use Body Language Using your body language to convey confidence is a great way to make a presence for yourself in the office. Do you ever find yourself at your desk with your shoulders hunched over and head down, purposely avoiding people as they walk by? Good posture and eye contact can go a long way in letting others know that you are friendly, collaborative, and have valuable ideas and insight, even though your voice likely isn’t the loudest in the room. When you’re in meetings, show that you’re an active and engaged listener by sitting up straight in your chair and looking at the person who’s talking. Don’t look down at your lap the whole time or sit by yourself off in a corner. These things may seem small, but they can make a big difference in how you’re perceived in the office. Practice Makes Perfect   Speaking up in group situations is often a cause of anxiety for many introverts in the workplace. Generally, one of two things happen when an introvert speaks up. In some situations, you speak so infrequently that when you do speak, people listen. But that’s not always the case. Sometimes, quietness is seen as weakness, and you get interrupted or ignored. If you need to conquer your public-speaking nerves, try practicing what you want to say ahead of time so when the time comes, you can deliver your words with authority and confidence. It’s harder to interrupt or ignore someone who speaks with authority and without stammering or stumbling over their words. Since many introverts know it’s easy to do those things when you’re nervous, practicing ahead of time can be a lifesaver (or job saver) when it comes to public speaking. Utilize Screens   If you, like many introverts, tend to be reserved in person, it might feel more comfortable to participate more fully in online spaces like office chats or email threads than big group meetings or casual office chat in the break rooms. Sometimes, the latter can contribute to workplace anxiety for more introverted employees, leading them to feel unnecessary amounts of stress. If your office doesn’t yet have any online communication platforms other than email, consider asking your boss or manager to implement one and tell them why it would benefit you and others who share a similar working style. Be Social

The Best Places for Arabic Classes in Cardiff.

The Best Places for Arabic Classes in Cardiff. Want to Learn Arabic? Here are the Top Spots for Arabic Lessons in the Capital of Wales. ChaptersWhy Study Arabic?The Importance of Arabic Lessons.Best Opportunities for Learning Arabic in Cardiff.Take a guess. In Cardiff, which is the language most commonly spoken after English and Welsh? It’s a bit of an easy one, isn’t it? Yes, of course, it is Arabic!Whilst the numbers aren’t huge â€" we’re talking 1.1% of Cardiff residents who speak Arabic as their native language â€" it’s quite an interesting figure. It bucks the trend across the rest of the UK, where, in general, the second language most commonly spoken is Polish.This is because of the communities of mainly Yemeni and Somali Arabs who came to our port city back in the nineteenth century. And after a century and half, they have come to call Cardiff their home too.Lucky you guys, we guess, because it makes Cardiff the perfect place to take Arabic language classes! With options to learn Arabic with a private tutor or in a formal Arabic language course, you’ll be bowled over by the opportunities that Wales ’s beautiful capital has in store.Take Arabic classes in Edinburgh or learn Arabic in Belfast! HalimaArabic Teacher £13/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors KotaibaArabic Teacher 5.00 (3) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SoledadArabic Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors NancyArabic Teacher 5.00 (1) £18/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors TaouesArabic Teacher £8/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors DinaArabic Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AbrarArabic Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors UsamaArabic Teacher 5.00 (1) £17/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsWhy Study Arabic?You may well be asking, why would someone like me want to learn Arabic? And, honestly, like most questions, it’s a legitimate question to ask.Yet, it is worth stressing just how important a language Arabic is these days.The Importance of Arabic.With over four hundred million native speakers, it is one of the top six mo st widely spoken world languages.It is one of the official languages of the UN â€" meaning that it is a global language of government â€" and it is thought that it is going to be one of the top ten languages in the world that will be most influential for the UK in the coming century.As you can see, a lot is expected of Arabic in the coming years as a major international language. Some of the richest countries in the world are in the Arab world.The Influence of Arab Culture.And besides the growing influence of the Arabic language across the world, you might want to consider the things to which you would have access if you were to understand it.Arabic script, sure, is notoriously hard. Yet, having a greater understanding of this foreign language would open up all sorts of doors for you. From the beauty of Arabic poetry and Arab calligraphy to the historical contributions of the Arab world to science, medicine, and philosophy, classic Arabic learning has changed the way that people of the world think.It is worth noting that you can unlock so much merely by taking the time to learn other languages.Learn Arabic across the UK or find Arabic courses in London.The Benefits of Learning Languages.You have probably heard spoken of before the importance of learning languages. And we’re talking importance for you, as an individual and as a body.Because learning language s changes the way you think. It literally changes the way your brain works.Learning a new language can make you live longer. It can prevent the onset of Alzheimer’s and dementia. It makes you literally just cleverer, allowing a greater dexterity in your brain and a greater focus.And then you have all the benefits that your teachers probably told you in school. Employers love people who can speak a second language â€" particularly in this ever-increasingly globalised world. You can communicate, make friends, and fall in love with millions more people if you can speak their language too.All in all, it’s a pretty good idea. We’re endlessly surprised that more of us Brits don’t do it.Find Arabic classes in Birmingham and Arabic courses in Glasgow. Learn how to read Arabic in CardiffThe Importance of Arabic Lessons.Yet, Arabic, in particular, is one of those languages that you can’t really just pick up. Unlike the European languages â€" which will probably be at least a little familiar to most people â€" Arabic is probably going to be a little alien for you.Arabic letters, Arabic vocabulary, and the difficulties of Arabic pronunciation will all pose a challenge. And it is unlikely that you’ll get through these challenges just by yourself.This is the importance of Arabic lessons then. A good teacher will walk you through all of these struggles, ironing out the creases in your reading, your speaking, and your understanding.And, when the going gets tough, they’ll remind you that it is all worth the effort in the long run.Best Opportunities for Learning Arabic in Cardiff.So, here are some of the best places in which you can learn Arabic in Cardiff.There are a range of options â€" but this is only because there are a range of different types of learner in the world too.Whichever you pick, there is no right way to learn. Just make sure, before you take the plunge, that the course or tutor you’ve found feels right for you.Take a Part-Time Arabic Course at the University of Cardiff.Unfortunately, the University of Cardiff does not yet offer the opportunity to study Arabic to degree level â€" even though it boasts quite an impressive languages department.What it does do, however, is run regular part-time courses for adults who want to start out in their journey into a new language.This includes Arabic, and the classes run in parallel to the University’s academic term time. So, you can start in September, January, and sometimes April.The silver lining to the lack of an Arabic degree is the fact that you won’t be required to sit any examinations. What you will have instead is fun, social, and interactive classes focusing on the Arab script, reading and writing in Arabic, and speaking about the basic Arab ic features you might need: numbers, greetings, and descriptions of yourself.It is an entry-level â€" complete beginner â€" Arabic course. And, as a result, you won’t be flailing around in Arabic grammar or exploring the depths of Arabic literature. Rather, you’ll be focusing on managing to talk to Arabic speakers, when â€" say â€" you are in the Arab world on holiday. Welcome to the world of Arabic!Find a Private Arabic Tutor with Superprof.If you are studying Arabic at a different university and want a helping hand during holidays â€" or you are seeking to learn the language from scratch or to just brush up on your language skills â€" you might find that the best option for you is private Arabic language instruction.At Superprof, we pride ourselves on hosting a global community of passionate private tutors and enthusiastic students like you â€" whom we connect through our online platform. Through Superprof, over eight million teachers guide students in over a thousand subjects across the world.You can have lessons at your home, at your tutor’s home, or have language lessons online. In any case, you will find a tutor who is committed, professional, and friendly â€" and guaranteed to improve your fluency and your knowledge of Arab culture.We have three tutors available for private tuition in Cardiff. And it’s about time you got in touch!Choose from the Arabic Courses at the Fayza Arabic Centre.One of the great institutions that Cardiff boasts is the Fayza Arabic Centre, a dedicated place for learning Arabic. Besides translation, interpretation, and a bit of cultural advocacy, Fayza is entirely set up to teach people of all ages this most important of languages.Among the language courses that they offer, from the centre in Cathays, are classes in Modern Standard Arabic, GCSE Arabic language training, and language programs for those who are just seeking a basic knowledge of Arabic.The classes are entirely tailored to your specific needs in language learning â€" and you’ll find yourself speaking Arabic in no time at all.Try Conversational Arabic Meet Ups with My Language Exchange.For those of you who don’t necessarily want formal face-to-face tuition, the world these days is full of novel ways of becoming fluent in a different language and culture.One of these is the conversation class â€" or the ‘language meet up’ a s they are often called â€" which sits you down with a native speaker for the sole purpose of developing your own spoken language.The point of these is entirely communicative. You won’t necessarily be looking at the Arabic alphabet, or Arabic writing at all. You’ll rather focus on becoming more proficient in Arabic speaking.My Language Exchange is a platform that organises such meet-ups, and there are many people involved in Cardiff. It’s a really important initiative â€" social, challenging, and mutually supportive â€" and it will help your spoken Arabic no end.Learn Arabic for Business in Cardiff with the UK Language Project.One of the things about Arabic is that it is an increasingly important language for business, international relations, and commerce.This means that, if you are a businessperson hoping to take your organisation worldwide, you might want to train your staff in the art of speaking Arabic.Luckily enough, there are plenty of organisations offering language pr ogrammes to corporations. And one of these is the UK Language Project.Across most of the UK’s major cities, the UKLP has been working with businesses and individuals for ages. And, in Cardiff, they are based on the Newport Road.So, whether you are the managing director of a company with global ambitions, or an employee who has been tasked with finding a language school for the business, you should consider the UKLP.Try Arabic lessons in Leeds or Arabic tuition in Manchester.

Sentence Fragments, Run-On Sentences, and a Comma Splices

Sentence Fragments, Run-On Sentences, and a Comma Splices   Punctuation errors are easy to make and hard to spot. For some writers, it is especially hard to catch punctuation errors such as sentence fragments, run-on sentences, and comma splices. These punctuation errors can really make your writing seem chaotic. A grammar checker can catch these errors some of the time. Better than a grammar checker is your ability to catch these errors yourself.   Sentence fragments A sentence fragment refers to groups of words that act like a sentence yet cannot stand on their own because the writer has made a range of mistakes. To start with, the right subject-verb relationship may not be available within the independent clause. For example, a statement such as Working Far into the Night with the Aim of Finding Their Ornament is a sentence fragment because the writer tries to describe something but fails to create a relationship between the subject and the verb. A different idea may also create a subordination of the relationship. It is worth noting that this can be acceptable when a writer is using it as a style in their pieces. The freedom is, however, restricted in professional writing. INCORRECT:   The sun shining. CORRECT:   The sun is shining.   Run-on sentences A run-on sentence is also known as a fused sentence. It has two independent clauses. The two parts are improperly connected. Even short sentences can be run-on sentences. In a nutshell, sentences are run-on sentences when two independent clauses are joined with a coordinator without a comma, or they are linked by a conjunctive adverb. This mistake is easily corrected with the right punctuation and conjunction.   INCORRECT:  Our house is narrow but it has 8 floors. CORRECT:   Our house is narrow, but it has 8 floors. EXPLANATION:   The conjunction but joins two sentences without a comma. Add a comma before the conjunction.   INCORRECT:   I asked everyone if they had seen my parrot but no one saw it. CORRECT:   I asked everyone if they had seen my parrot, but no one saw it.   Comma splice errors A comma splice is an error made by the writer when they use a comma to join two independent clauses. For instance, a sentence such as I am going to the library, I will study for my exam. In this case, the comma is utilized to join two independent clauses. It can be fixed by adding a conjunction. A semicolon can also be utilized because they are strong enough to create a relationship between two independent clauses. Furthermore, the writer may opt to write two different sentences and hence do away with the comma. In the artistic forms of writing such as poetry, the comma slices can be embraced to create an exciting piece. The racing thoughts of a character in a fictional story can be linked using the splices. In professional writing, however, this mistake must be avoided. INCORRECT:   I am going to the library, I will study for my exam. CORRECT:   I am going to the library. I will study for my exam. CORRECT:   I am going to the library, and I will study for my exam. It is clear that the run-on sentences, comma splices, and sentence fragments are different. However, they share a common characteristic; they tend to be utilized when a person is trying to create the appropriate independent clauses in a sentence. The writer may not be aware of how to create a subject and the verb properly, hence coming up with a sentence fragment. They may also be trying to create a connection between one thought to another, and will, therefore, make the mistake of including the run-on sentences and comma splices in a sentence. To avoid this, it is critical to observe the grammatical rules and regulations when writing. Proofreading the written materials is also worth considering.     Sources http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/fragments.htm http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/fragment.htm https://www.grammarly.com/blog/comma-splice/ https://www.grammarly.com/blog/run-on-sentence-basics/ http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/runons.htm Please follow and like us:

Classroom Management Homework Help Strategies

Classroom Management Homework Help Strategies Classroom Management Strategies for Every Teacher People become teachers because they care about children and their futures and because they are passionate about helping students achieve their potential. However, teaching is a not an easy joband one of the most challenging aspects for many teachers is figuring out how to effectively manage the classroom. If you ever have trouble keeping your students on task or have been thrown off course by troublesome students, you may need ideas to better manage your classroom and redirect the focus to student learning. Here are a number of battle-tested strategies that teachers can put to work in any classroom, as shared in David Adamsons Classroom Management: 24 Strategies Every Teacher Needs to Know: Use social cues One of the best ways to communicate with students about appropriate behavior is to state a desired behavior that you want to see in class. Attribute the behavior to a specific student and affirm the behavior as a great example for the other students. What to say: Thanks to table 3 for having their eyes on me. I see that John has started working on the assignment; thank you, John. Establish time limits Plan out your day carefully, which will help you keep your students engaged. Share your expectations of time limits and schedule. What to say: Ill give you about five minutes for this task. Everyone needs to be in their seats in 30 seconds, please. Manage your transitions Transitions from task to task can be challenging and time consuming, with students getting distracted or misbehaving. However, if you plan for transitions and explain carefully what you want students to do and how much time they have to do it, you can minimize that wandering or waiting time. What to do: Be prepared, get students attention, explain what you want students to do, confirm their understanding, give a signal to begin, give a time limit and start the next activity. Show respect The classroom environment cannot be productive without respectbetween you and your students and among the students themselves. You cannot demand respect; however, you can exhibit respectful behavior toward students, thereby influencing how they respond to you. What to do: Be polite, avoid sarcasm, be on time and ready to teach and maintain a dignified student environment. Keep a brisk pace Students today are used to fast-paced interaction. You can minimize behavioral problems by picking up the pace of a lesson, introducing interesting activities and having extra activities on hand to fill gaps of time. What to do: Plan ahead, pose questions that invite critical thinking, and try different mediums for reinforcement of lessons. Intervene in the moment When needed, give simple reminders to bring unfocused or disruptive students back on task. What to do: Communicate nonverbally with a look or facial expression, change your tone of voice or move closer to the misbehaving student. Teaching is an important and rewarding career with many wonderful aspects to it, but it certainly has its challenges as well. Managing classroom behavior and expectations is an essential part of the job that allows you to maintain control of your classroom and keep the focus on learning. For many more strategies for classroom management that will help you improve student behavior and achievement, read Classroom Management: 24 Strategies Every Teacher Needs to Know.